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A substitute teacher fills in for a regular classroom teacher who is absent. You’re responsible for maintaining the learning environment, following lesson plans, and ensuring student safety during the school day.

 

Key Responsibilities

  • Follow lesson plans left by the regular teacher
  • Take attendance and manage classroom behavior
  • Deliver instruction across subjects (depending on grade level)
  • Maintain a safe, respectful classroom environment
  • Provide feedback or notes to the regular teacher about the day
  • Enforce school policies and procedures
  • Supervise students during transitions, lunch, or recess if required

 

Typical Daily Duties

  • Start the day by reviewing lesson plans and materials
  • Introduce yourself and set expectations with students
  • Teach lessons or guide students through assignments
  • Handle minor disruptions or discipline issues
  • Communicate with school staff if problems arise
  • Leave a summary report for the returning teacher

 

Requirements in Pennsylvania

Education

  • Bachelor’s degree (required for most substitute permits)

Certification (Requirements can vary slightly by district)

  • Substitute Teaching Permit issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Education
    • Types include:
      • Day-to-Day Substitute Permit
      • Emergency Permit (for those without teaching degrees)

Clearances (Mandatory)

  • Pennsylvania State Police Criminal Record Check
  • FBI Fingerprint Clearance
  • Pennsylvania Child Abuse History Clearance

Additional Requirements

  • Tuberculosis (TB) test
  • U.S. work authorization
  • Some districts may require training or orientation

Skills & Qualities

  • Classroom management and leadership
  • Adaptability and quick thinking
  • Communication skills
  • Patience and professionalism
  • Ability to follow instructions and stay organized

Work Environment

  • Public or private K–12 schools
  • Assignments may be:
    • Day-to-day (on call)
    • Short-term (a few days/weeks)
    • Long-term (covering extended absences)

Pay Range

  • Usually $100–$200 per day, depending on district and experience
  • Long-term assignments often pay more